Archaeology in the News Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Having examined the information about the site at Sedgeford, there are a number of different methods that I think would benefit the site. Firstly, a period of fieldwalking may be useful to identify different features and find small artifacts which may aid the investigation. This method is good for sites spread over a large area, such as Sedgeford, and may help the volunteers define the edges of the potential Anglo Saxon settlement which was suggested by the BBC News article (Roskams, 2001). Additionally, fieldwalking may bring up new surprises about the site. The website for the dig also mentions that geophysics has been done to identify prominent features. However, it gives the boundaries of the area and these look rather small it may be beneficial to do geophysics over a larger area to find more potential spots for finds and features. Additionally, geophysics might give some more insight into how the clay oven fits into the wider scenario of the potential settlement and whereabou ts in the town that it was. Another method that may be of use to this site is flotation. We will write a custom essay sample on Archaeology in the News or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Overall, there are many different directions in which the site can go to find out more about the Anglo-Saxon roots of the area and using a variety of archaeological methods could help improve the finds.

Animals Are Not Safe And Secure Places Essay - 2001 Words

Extinction is the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct (no longer present). Scientists have estimated that there are about two hundred to two thousand species to go extinct every year on Earth, as we know it. What can we, as humans, do to prevent certain species to become extinct? Animals can be kept in safe and secure places, such as a zoo or an aquarium, so that humans can help boost their surviving needs such as food, water, and shelter that may be hard to find for the animal species on its own. Although we may think that zoos and aquaria are mainly built to keep animals in captivity, and to be built on display for people to view, there are also specific benefits for these animals. When I came upon choosing this topic, I was discussing with one of my peers what she thought on animals being kept in zoos and aquaria and she told me no. After asking a plethora of students around me on their opinion, they responded with the same answer. I fe el that certain animal species, specifically the ones that are going extinct, should be kept in an enclosed, safes observatory. In this paper, I will present an alternative position on the topic on whether animals should be kept in zoos or aquaria, considering a variety of perspectives, and concluding with a position on animal extinction that seems most justifiable. There are four main types of zoos and aquaria that are located on Earth to entertain humans as well as to keep certain animalsShow MoreRelatedMission. To Provide A Safe Zone For Animals By Providing1333 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide a Safe Zone for animals by providing quality, safe enviorment, exhibiting loving and humane behavior. As well as to advocate to others as well humane behavior to reduce suffering in the world. Our program provides rescue, rehabilitation, and safe zone to abandoned, neglected, and abused animals. THE ORGANIZATION †¢ This proposal is to fund emergency rescue, rehabilitation, and safe environment. †¢ Safe Zone is a non-profit organization. It is an organization that helps abused animals and providingRead MoreEgg Producers in Alberta, Canada Essay879 Words   |  4 Pagesissue for many animal activists throughout the province. Due to this unfair broadcasting as well as generalization of all table egg producers, the market of eggs are in jeopardy. DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM There lies a problem in all this, and it may not be quite as obvious as we think. Which is the true problem? The generalization of all farmers in Alberta? The biased TV documentary broadcasted across the province? The actual housing of the laying chickens? Could it be the animal activists creatingRead MoreSafe Zone Grant Proposal Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesSAFE ZONE GRANT PROPOSAL MISSION To reduce suffering in the world and advocate humane behavior through providing rescue, rehabilitation, and safe zone to abandoned, neglected, and abused animals. THE ORGANIZATION †¢ This proposal is to fund emergency rescue, rehabilitation, and safe environment. †¢ Safe Zone is a non-profit organization. It is an outgrowth of rescue efforts that helps abused animals and providing them with their own safe zone. This organization although requires the financial supportRead MoreWatership Down by Richard Adams689 Words   |  3 Pagesrabbits escaping their home, which is being destroyed, in hopes of finding a new place to reside. You may want to believe this movie is just about rabbits, but through the eyes of an adult this movie has a very different meaning. The use of animals in children’s movies to make a film kid friendly has been done for years. This is one reason why the rabbits are so effective in telling this tale. Rabbits are cute cuddly animals that present no threat or danger. Kids love bunnies and long to have them asRead MoreDomestic Violence And The Domestic Crisis981 Words   |  4 Pageswomen can go, and feel safe. Instead, we have more animal shelter where an animals can be taken care of and can be provided the necessity they need. As for the women who are abused and need somewhere to stay, get little to no help, why? Well it is because the state does not have enough space in their shelters for the women . So what does this mean? We need to make more shelters for women that are being abused. We have to take action; to me this is not morally right where a animal that is in need canRead MoreAn Abusive Father and a Boy in a Zoo798 Words   |  3 PagesIt’s been six years since Charles has worked at the Kans as City Zoo. Charles is 24 years old. He helps feed all of the animals and keeps their cages clean at the zoo. There are about 200 wild animals locked within the secure cages of the city zoo. Charles doesn’t leave the zoo much. He lives within the zoo and is fed regularly by the kitchen there. He doesn’t socialize with the other workers except for the owner of the zoo how he talks to about once a month. They only talk for an hour about howRead MoreWhat Do I House Them?1201 Words   |  5 Pages When it comes to owning small animals, beginners are faced with one of the most important questions: â€Å"What do I house them in?† Consumers will likely be attracted to the colorful, cheap cages often sold as starter cages. Unfortunately, most of these cages are inadequate and do not work well as permanent housing. They tend to be too cramped, made of weak material, or unsecure. For example, some people are lead to believe that rats can be kept in an aquarium given it just has a screen lid or a cage-likeRead MoreAttachment Is The Best Educational Environment For Their Students1313 Words   |  6 Pagescurriculum to provide the best educational environment f or their students. The four attachment relationships are: secure, insecure-avoidant, insecure-resistant, and insecure-disorganized. The majority of preschool students will fall into the secure category. Whether a child displays secure attachment, or not, will essentially determine how they succeed in preschool. Children with secure attachment to their caregivers are more likely to have a stronger emotional understanding of their peers, caregiversRead MoreThe Big Picture of Littering681 Words   |  3 PagesIn most places as people look around they would see lots of litter. The litter that people see is not just there it affects them. Littering looks dirty and costs money to clean up. People litter and make places look dirty which costs people in a couple of ways. Littering is making a place untidy with trash such as paper, cans, bottles, and any other items that are left in public (Google). Littering is a major world problem because of people being irresponsible, where it comes from, disintegrationRead MoreLittle Red Cap Folk Tale Essay871 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment and unknown creatures when she got into the forest, bravery when the huntsman saves their life, learn to be r esponsible and obedient from making mistakes when she breaks her mother’s promise. In folk tales, setting is the time and place that events take place. This essay is going to talk about the environment in the village, then the event inside the forest, next it will demonstrate about the event and atmosphere at the grandmother house and finally it will show what does the girl learn from

Challenge Facing New Zealand’s Chief Executive

Question: Discuss about theChallenge Facing New Zealands Chief Executive. Answer: Introduction: Parikh and Gupta (2010) explain organisational behaviour as a manner in which people working in enterprises communicates with others in order to achieve their assigned tasks. Companies today are performing their activities in global environment that is related with frequent changes taking place in economy and technology (Cameron and Green, 2015; Harold, 2010). Numerous studies have been undertaken by researchers where they have tried to understand varied role CEO plays in improving the performance of enterprises and what motivates employees to stay in the company. This essay is going to critically analyse one of the studies undertaken by Ann Hutchison and Peter Boxall for evaluating critical challenges faced by New Zealands chief executives for better management skills. Critical Analysis Thesis Statement and Research Questions Global financial crisis taken place in 2008-2009 and frequent earthquakes occurred in Christchurch has affected the economic growth of New Zealand severely where government in order to fill the national account deficit and for developing the social infrastructure started taking loans from countries (Hutchison and Boxall, 2014). As per the fluctuating scenario, change management in entities has become very essential where they require managing their workforce to be capable of adapting and performing in adverse conditions. This not only helps enterprises in achieving operational effectiveness through successful activities but also creates competitive edge over other players. In the opinion of Wei and Yazdanifard (2014) skill development and proper change management cannot be possible without top management support specially CEO who are responsible for managing uncertainty, making good business partners, administering personnel and being answerable to directors for company performance. The thesis statement for the article is to analyse the reasons behind why in spite of growth opportunities present in the country in sectors like manufacturing and services the residents are still migrating to developed regions like UK (Hutchison and Boxall, 2014). The author through research has identified that there is limited niche players in different fields (automobile, aerospace and semiconductors) of New Zealand that is limiting career opportunities of individual and they are shifting to larger international offices of other countries. The researcher in order to support this point has supported the statement with proper comparison where New Zealanders employment percentage in Australia was 83% men and 70% men as compared to its own resident that is 72% and 32%. The major problem identified by investigator was that the country consists of small scale entities where talented and educated workforce does not want to be as there is no scope for their career progression. Moreover t he researcher has mentioned that the country have shortage of managerial resources who can motivate their subordinates to be in the company. The researcher question for this study can be: Whether New Zealand consists of leaders who can respond efficiently to changes taking place in economy and technology? What are the key challenges that chief executives experience in their environment? The thesis statement pointed out by researcher offer main background information related with the topic, however, proper connection with research questions was lacking and no headings was given which makes the structure complex. The study started talking about what challenges the New Zealand is facing due to recession and global slowdown and why people want to move to other developed counties. Nevertheless, the researcher did not intended to evaluate what could be the suggested solutions for the problems being faced by CEO. Indabawa and Uba (2014) have agreed leaders like CEO and supervisors to be the most influential person who with the help of good leadership styles can motivate people to perform better in the organisation. With changes taking place in external environment they can be the only one who can inspire people to have positive attitude towards implementing change in corporate culture (Reiss, 2012; Hollyforde and Whiddett, 2002; Wei and Yazdanifard, 2014). Strength and Weakness of Article The problem statement for challenges that New Zealands leaders face currently has been accurately described and supported by reference where the researcher has also described relevant facts related with countrys poor performance. For instance, it was identified that New Zealands agricultural and utility segment has performed far better than Australia but the service sector is not up to the mark which employs nearly 70% of countrys (NZ) population (Hutchison and Boxall, 2014). This information clearly suggests that necessity of strategic leaders in service segment like retail, hospitality, finance, construction and wholesale needs to be higher as compared to other fields like mining. Moreover, Mckinsey Co. based on operations, performance and people management as productivity indicators ranked New Zealand as 10 among 17 countries which are still better than rest 7 countries and companies could improve their scenario by developing superior managerial capabilities. Researcher in order to find the key challenges that senior executives face in dealing with companies suggested a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) where 1000 largest enterprises of New Zealand was chosen from the significant sectors; public, private and not-for-profit segments. Questionnaire created on the basis of Likert Scale was created along with some open-ended questions to have different opinions from the CEO participating in the study. Separate risk (14) factors related with risk and challenges currently faced by economy were made where respondents were asked to rank them on scale of 1-4. Selection of mixed method for the study was good with the help of which findings in both percentage and opinions could be achieved and could be cross-checked with validity (Creswell, 2014). Sample size and sectors were accurate as it helped the researcher to investigate 981 respondents belonging to different segments and relevant data was obtained. However, the study findings could be criticised for its reliability and validity as the proper method of analysis was not implemented. In order to have valid results a researcher should always involve mathematical testing like SPSS of data set through which proper correlation among variables could be evaluated (R. B., Burns, R. Burns and R. P. Burns, 2008). Results obtained from the investigation illustrated different ranking of risk and challenges faced by CEO ranging from the segments to which they belonged. As per CEO working in private sector, market risks, shareholder management, gaining access to finance, and economic fluctuations as the most influential factors. On the other hand, public and non-for-profit suggested fund raising, economic fluctuations, compliance with government factors and managing alliance with global companies as top four challenging factors. It showed difference in people opinions based on the field they were in; however, there is no evidence that these findings are free of biasness as respondents could be reluctant to answer the asked questions attentively. As no ethical considerations or limitations for the study has been mentioned by the researcher the findings and its validity is questionable. Moreover, the researcher in the thesis statement raised retention of talented employees in New Zealand as one of the major issues faced by CEO yet no in depth analysis was done related with this point (Hutchison and Boxall, 2014). The overall study is based on research involving CEO where surveying employees with them could have been beneficial as it would have provided with reasons why people shift to other countries. Miner (2005) has identified motivation as the most important factor for retaining employees in organisations which can be achieved through intrinsic and extrinsic awards. However, the investigator mentioned only low wages and less career opportunities as the main reasons behind high labour migration. Lack of recognition, improper work culture, leaders ineffectiveness and lack of stability are some of the factors that influences the personalities of people (Wei and Yazdanifard, 2014). Poor retention in New Zealand economy could be due to lack of extrinsic rewards and inappropriate leadership styles adopted by executives in managing people which is essential for better change mana gement (Fretwell, Lewis and Hannay, 2013; Sidhu, 2013). The researcher failed to analyse the importance of these factors in its analysis and limited the scope with knowing only the challenges faced by CEO in the country for managing companies. In spite of certain constraints of the study, it helped in identifying relevant challenges and risks faced by CEO based on sector type where non-for-profit entities face greatest problem in raising fund while private company claimed market related threats as the most challenging factor. Conclusion The overall structure of the article is weak as the investigator has failed to point out and describe the relevant information under suitable headings. The overall study creates confusion in mind of readers as it is difficult to identify the topics related with introduction and literature review. Though in the initial sections of the article the author has offered very interesting facts related to the topic and has supported the arguments with appropriate referencing there was no research questioned formation. However, the surveyor has discussed relevant facts and figures related with New Zealand where companies must respond efficiently to the economic and technological sectors fluctuations. The country is facing high migration where according to researcher low payments and less career opportunities are main reasons whose impact could have been analysed by investing employees in the study as well. The data analysis for quantitative method could have been performed with the help of st atistical techniques for better validity and reliability among variables identified with risks and challenges. Nevertheless, the researcher was able to select appropriate sample size and segments to conduct the researcher which assisted in deriving relevant challenges faced by CEO currently in New Zealand. Reference list Burns, R. B., Burns, R. and Burns, R. P. (2008) Business Research Methods and Statistics Using SPSS, 3rd. ed. London: Sage Publications. Cameron, E. and Green, M. (2015). Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models, Tools and Techniques of Change Management, 4 th edition. London: Kogan Page. Creswell, J.W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 4 th edition. London: Sage. Fretwell, C. E., Lewis, C. C., and Hannay, M. (2013). Myers-Briggs type indicator, A/B personality types, and locus of control: Where do they intersect?.American Journal of Management,13(3), pp. 57-66. Harold, K. (2010). Essentials of Management. Noida: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Hollyforde, S., and Whiddett, S. (2002). The Motivation Handbook. Wiltshire: CIPD. Hutchison, A. and Boxall, P., 2014. The critical challenges facing New Zealand's chief executives: implications for management skills.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,52(1), pp.23-41. Indabawa, S.L and Uba, Z. (2014). Human Relations and Behavioural Science Approach to Motivation in Selected Business Organizations in Kano Metropolis Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(25), pp. 168-174. Miner, J. (2005). Organizational Behavior: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. London: M.E Sharpe. Parikh, M and Gupta, R. (2010). Organisational Behaviour. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill. Reiss, M. (2012). Change Management. Norderstedt: Books on Demand. Sidhu, N.S. (2013). Conflict management styles of workers. International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services Management Research, 2(5), pp. 158-170. Wei, L.T., and Yazdanifard, R. (2014). The impact of positive reinforcement on employees performance in organizations. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 4, pp. 9-12.

Management Techniques of Innovating Globally

Managers all around the world are always looking for ways of improving their businesses through innovation, but most of the time are frustrated by poor results. Stuart Crainer’s interview with the innovation guru, Costas Markides, in â€Å"Innovation Globally† (Business Strategy Review 21.1 (2010): 24-27. Web) provides managers with techniques of innovating globally.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management Techniques of Innovating Globally specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article has two main purposes: first, is to provide guidelines on how established companies can respond to the invasion of a disruptive business model in their industries; secondly, is how managers can apply ideas to non-business situations to find solutions for some global problems. In this article, the author addresses the following key question: â€Å"can the techniques used by managers to create innovation inside organ izations work with global change?† (Crainer, 25). The most important information in this article is on how to disrupt the disrupter in the marketplace. Markides points out that the most successful way of responding to competitive challenges is by disrupting the disrupter. This strategy involves observing the business challenger and developing techniques of outdoing it in the market. The challenger most of the time comes up with products that correspond to the ones of the established business and adds more weight on the different product characteristics. Therefore, managers of established companies should find new ways of disrupting the strategies of the competitors. Markides also maintains that it is better for a company to make changes when it is booming rather than when it is having trouble on its growth. Innovation and continued success depends on the manager of an organization capability of taking drastic action, even when the business is on top of the marketplace. Introdu cing change at this stage gives managers the luxury and the credibility of rejuvenating the organization. The main inference in this article is that managers can apply sound ideas to non-business situations to find amicable solutions to a number of global issues. Management, as the art of bringing individuals together for a common objective, can be used to solve societal problems such as crime and prostitution. The article illustrates this point by giving a scenario of a research professor, called David Kennedy, who found a successful way of dealing with the drug problem among teenagers. He videotaped teenagers in the streets distributing and selling drugs and instead of the police prosecuting them, they had to follow an action plan for rebuilding their lives.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The key concept that we need to understand from this article is that we need to spre ad innovative ideas globally, not just in one city or in one country. By this concept, the author means that since new ideas already exist on how to get solutions for societal problems, our aim should be on mechanisms of incorporating the innovative ideas on an increased scale. However, he asserts that this is not happening because individuals often think that they are different, that another person’s innovative idea will not be applicable in their â€Å"special† case. The article asserts that for innovation to succeed in any environment, individuals must be ready to take the initiative of developing it. Even in the business environment, there are many ideas, but most of them are not accomplished because nobody ever cares to take ownership of them to ensure they spread and become successful. The main assumption underlying the author’s thinking is that the readers are aware of the issue at stake: global innovation. He assumes that every reader knows all about the topic; therefore, he does not give some credible background information about the issue. As much as individuals like to be treated as equals and not being talked down to; however, does not imply that he should make an assumption that everyone is equipped with enough information to fully grasp the topic. In answer to Crainer’s question on the ways that a company can function as a model for innovative change, Markides maintains that the position that a company plays in the society is not to maximize shareholder value, but to develop products and services that increase value to the society. This is because maximizing shareholder value comes automatically as the business seeks to meet the needs and requirements of the customers. Therefore, if this is the aim of any organization, it implies that the managers of the organization are not going to engage in illegal or unethical things to maximize shareholder value. If we take this line of reasoning seriously, the implication is that businesses would cease to deal only with marketplace competition, but also focus on the importance of underlying values as the moral compass that should guide behavior. However, if we fail to take this line of reasoning seriously, the implication is that we would experience severe economic recession and most companies going under because of too much self-indulgence and fraud. Many people would suffer from lack of jobs, crime rate would increase, and more people would be poor simply because of not upholding these values in business. In conclusion, the main point of view presented in this article is that innovation can be used globally both to solve business and societal problems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management Techniques of Innovating Globally specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Work Cited Crainer, Stuart. â€Å"Innovation Globally.† Business Strategy Review 21.1 (2010): 24-27. Web. This essay on Management Techniques of Innovating Globally was written and submitted by user Eileen Obrien to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Convention Exhibition Centre Essays

Convention Exhibition Centre Essays Convention Exhibition Centre Essay Convention Exhibition Centre Essay On the 18th February 2009, several lucky year 11 drama students at Santa Maria College saw Nostalgia by Ishinha at the Perth Convention Exhibition Centre. This play extended for 2 hours, which was a reasonable time frame for such an astounding performance. Prior to the performance, I had very low expectations for the play because I assumed I wouldnt understand the plot, for the dialogue is in Japanese. However, the performance definitely exceeded my expectations because I understood the plot through the non-verbal communication and greatly appreciated this. The performance put aside, the audience was disappointing because I was forced to mix with people I would not normally mix with, and these people carried out rude habits, such as eating and talking during the performance. Nevertheless, the play was that brilliant that I didnt notice this often. Nostalgia is a play about Japanese immigrants migrating to Brazil in 1908. It is the story of Noichi, who wonders around the world, falling in love with Ann along the way. Ann, Noichi, and their new companion, Chikino, wander throughout South America. Unfortunately, they get separated because of racism and struggle to find each other again. Along with racism, Nostalgia faces such issues as friendship, immigration, and discrimination. The dramatic form of Nostalgia is non-realism because of certain theatrical devices. For example: the characters broke the fourth wall; language was stylised through repetition; and dance, song, and unrealistic costume were employed. Even though the form was non-realism, it also included aspects of a representational style because it attempted to create the illusion of life progressing on stage. The settings were extremely detailed and realistic, and the audience is expected to emphasise with the characters. I liked how the action of the play was clearly structured into thirteen obvious scenes, which generally didnt include narrative devices. Each scene had an individual tone. For example, scene 9 had a joyful tone, involving several cheerful children singing questions. Whereas, scene 3 had a distressing tone, because the privacy of the immigrants was violated. The overall tone of the play would be reflective because each scene reflects on different aspects along their journey. The performance space used was a box stage and the set changed every scene. The set was mostly representational in style because it was very realistic, especially in the newspaper factory in scene five. However, it did consist of few presentational scenes because the set was unachievable. Some of these unachievable sets included the beach in scene one, the river in scene six, and the desert in scene eight. The set was extremely effective in creating a sense of place because it was so realistic and believable. The set contributed to the various moods of the play because it emphasized the issues by situating them on a more believable level. There are numerous scenes in Nostalgia that used lighting, which consequently impacted my opinion of the play. Some scenes cleverly used realistic lighting to convey to the audience the time of day. For example, in scene five, the lighting was bright during the day, and then dimmed when it was nighttime. The use of symbolism through lighting really impacted my view of the play. One of the many brilliant examples was in scene three: during the physical examination, there was an extremely bright light symbolising the violation of the immigrants privacy, which contributed to the distressed mood of the scene. There were many sound effects used throughout the duration of the play. One of the powerful examples occurred in scene five: after the protests, fire, rape, and shootings, there was unbelievably loud music, which intensified the scene. This contributed to the chaotic mood of the scene because the loud music added more havoc to the issues already presented. Overall, I definitely enjoyed watching Nostalgia. I believe the play is amazing because of the theatrical techniques, such as music; lighting; song and dance; and scene structure. Surprisingly, I could actually understand the plot, regardless of not being able to recognise the dialogue, because I understood the non-verbal communication. This was a new experience for me, as I had never seen an international play before. Without a doubt, I would recommend everyone to watch Nostalgia!

What Is the Federal Work Study Program Definition and Guide

What Is the Federal Work Study Program Definition and Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're brainstorming different methods of funding your college education, you've likely considered working your way through school. The federally-funded Work Study program exists to make this option a little more viable. You don't receive a loan or a grant - instead, you get a job that exists partly because this program subsidizes your wages. Work-study awards are unique components of many students' financial aid packages. Because these awards are so different from your typical loan, grant, or scholarship, you might have questions about how they work, exactly. In this post, I'll go over everything you need to know about Work Study. What Is the Work Study Program? As you may already know, the federal government offers many different types of financialaid to students who need help paying for school. When you submit a Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, you're submitting yourself for consideration for these programs. If you're accepted to a particular school and noted that you would like to be considered for financial aid, you'll receive an aid package from that institution. The package will include the federal aid you're eligible for (grants, loans, and work study awards), in addition to aid awarded by the school (like scholarships). If you're eligible to receive Federal Work Study (FWS), which is a need-based program, the award amount will be listed in this financialaid package. It's built in as a form of "self-help" - basically, it's money that schools expect you to earn during the academic year to help pay for your educational expenses. At this point, you may be wondering how this could be considered an award. It just sounds like a charge you're expected to pay, right? To a certain extent, that's the idea. It's not a grant - you don't get any money handed to you - but it's meant to make your life easier when it comes to getting a campus job. Through the work study program, the federal government subsidized certain jobs (most of which are on campus). Schools hire students with work study awards, and these students' wages are paid in part by that federal money. The amount that the government actually subsidizes depends on the type of work that you're doing, but it good be up to 75% of your wages. Ultimately, this program incentivizes institutions to (1) create jobs that can be filled by part-time students, and (2) hire students with Work Study awards. Example Financial Aid Award With Work Study I've used the FAFSA4caster to come up with an example federal aid award package that includes FWS. In this example, I entered a family gross adjusted income of $65,000 and a total cost of attendance of $65,000. Remember that cost of attendance includes tuition, room, board, fees, and all personal and travel expenses. I'll refer back to this example throughout this article. In this example situation, I would be eligible for $1,465 in Work Study, and $5,500 in Direct Stafford Loans (guide coming soon). The difference between my cost of attendance (CoA) and the total federal aid available to me is $58,035. My expected family contribution (EFC) is $5,930. Let's say for the sake of this example, I attend a school that meets 100% of students' financial need (this, of course, is an idealized and simplified situation). The EFC subtracted from the difference is $52,105, so I'm provided with $52,105 in grants and scholarships. Ultimately, I am personally responsible for working to come up with $1,465 if my true CoA comes out to be $65,000. Who's Eligible for Federal Work Study? In order to qualify for FWS, you must both demonstrate financial need and meet all federal aid requirements. The program is fortunately open to both undergraduate and graduate students. You can use your family's financial information to estimate whether you would receive a FWS award (and if so, how large an award) by checking out the FAFSA4caster. Get step-by-step instructions for using the FAFSA4caster here. The following charts explain all the federal aid requirements in detail. You must do all of the following: Eligibility Requirement Have a high school diploma, GED, or approved homeschool education Be enrolled or accepted to enroll in an eligible degree/certificate program You can check with your school/program’s financial aid office if you want to confirm eligibility Be registered with Selective Service, if you are male and between 18-25 years old If applicable, register with the SS website Have a valid Social Security Number (unless you’re from the Marshall Islands, Federal States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau) Sign statements on the FAFSA stating that (1) you’re not in default, and do not owe refund money, on a federal student loan, and (2) you’ll only use federal aid money to help pay for your education Access the FAFSA Maintain â€Å"satisfactory† progress in school If you’re concerned about your academic performance, or have questions about what is considered â€Å"satisfactory,† set up a meeting with your dean or other school administrator. In addition to the above, you must be able to check one of the following: Be a US citizen or US national Have a green card Have an arrival-departure record Have battered immigrant status Have a T-Visa Work Study Jobs Most FWS jobs are on campus, which should make it easier to get from your dorm to class to work. Some nonprofits or public agencies offer FWS positions, although these jobs are relatively rare. Almost any sort of on-campus job could be a Work Study job - in fact, a lot of employers that offer these positions can only afford to hire students with FWS awards (especially because up to 75% of your salary may be subsidized). Examples of Work Study jobs include library staffers, admissions office tour guides, research assistants, and even baristas. I know for a fact that the best student cafe in Harvard Yard exclusively hires students with FWS awards. Getting paid to make (and drink) coffee? Yes please. How Much Can You Make? Your hourly salary will be at least the current federal minimum wage, which is $8.25/hr at the moment. You could possibly earn more, depending on what you're doing and what school you're attending. Many schools have their own campus minimum wages; for example, the minimums at Harvard for work study jobs stand at $10/hr for undergrads, and $12.50/hr for grad students. Work Study Limits There are a few restrictions to where and how you can earn FWS money, but generally it's a pretty flexible program. First, in order to get a Work Study job, you have to attend a school that participates in the Work Study program. Your school's financial aid program will be able to tell you whether they have FWS jobs on campus. They'll also be able to direct you to FWS job postings. If you do get a FWS award, you should know that the annual maximum is $7,000, but the average award is much lower - around $1,465. As for how you use your work study money, you're free to do whatever you'd like with it. Your wages will go directly to you, unless you request that the money be sent to your school so it can be applied to charges for things like tuition, room, and board. A word of warning: if you spend your earnings on things that are not budgeted into your estimated cost of attendance, you could leave yourself with a "gap" between how much money you have, and how much money it costs to attend school. For example, let's say (based on the financial aid package I described earlier in the post) that all of my aid goes to tuition, room, board, and fees. I still have to pay for laundry, books, and transportation; that's what my FWS award ($1,465) is earmarked for. If I do something else with my FWS earnings (say, buy expensive concert tickets), I won't have the money I need to fund personal expenses. You do not want this to happen; your roommates will not be pleased if you have to bum quarters off them for laundry. Do You Have to Take a Work Study Job If You Have a Work Study Award? The short answer is no, you're under no obligation to take a FWS job. If a FWS award has been factored into your budget in your financial aid package, and you decide not to take a job, you could choose to live more frugally to lower your cost of attendance. This is a good option if you're planning on using your earnings to pay for personal expenses (like in the example I described above). You are also free to take on a non-Work Study job. Just be aware that earnings from a non-FWS job will reduce your federal aid eligibility if by 50% over $6,310. If you make $8,000, for example, your federal aid eligibility would decrease by $845. You won't see this decrease in aid eligibility from earnings at a FWS job. How Do You Apply? Now that you've learned all about the federal Work Study program, you know that it's a good option for students who are interested in working part-time while in school. You can apply for a FWS award by submitting a Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA (get step-by-step directions here). Application deadlines for this program vary by school, but funds tend to be limited. It's best to apply earlier rather than later (e.g. submit your application early spring for the next academic year). Contact your financial aid office to check on detailed information on deadlines for FWS applications. Keep in mind that having a Work Study award doesn't guarantee a Work Study position - you have to apply for jobs once you're on campus, just like for any other part-time position. You still have to apply for FWS positions, but the good news is you'll get great application interview experience Planning Ahead: You Have a Work Study Award, So Now What? If you already have a FWS award, or think you might receive one, you'll find strategies for making the most of it in this section. Be Proactive Work Study jobs are often highly coveted. If you're planning on using your FWS award, start looking for jobs as soon as you get on campus. Check out your school's job database or career center. If a prospective employer participates in the Work Study program, they'll be incentivized to hire you if you notify them about your award. Budget Out Your Award It can be tempting to work a lot of hours at your FWS job once you start getting in those paychecks. If you have a smaller award amount, or if you work many hours, you could run out of your FWS money faster than you anticipate. If your employer has hired you specifically because you have FWS, they may not be able to afford you if you run out of funds. Step 1: How many weeks do you plan on working during the academic year? Subtract any summer or vacation time that you won't be working. Step 2: Assuming that your award is subsidizing 75% of your paycheck (this might vary), divide your total FWS award by (hourly rate multiplied by 75%). This gives you the total number of hours you can work for the year. Step 3: Divide the number you calculated in Step 2 by the number of weeks you calculated in Step 1 to get your average number of hours per week. Be honest with your employer about your Work Study Award. Chances are, she's had FWS employees before, and knows that you'll have to stay within certain earnings parameters. She may even have a budget to keep paying you after you run out of FWS funds, which is another reason to keep her in the loop. Track Your Earnings Once or twice a semester, it's smart to double-check whether your FWS award amount is where you expect it to be. This gives you the opportunity to catch and correct any mistakes (for example, if you've earned $1,000 but $2,000 has been deducted from your Work Study award). You should be able to check the status of your FWS award through your employer, or through your student employment office. FWS awards can change from year to year, especially if you report any outside scholarships or awards. This can be frustrating, especially if you find a FWS-only job that you really like. Be prepared to be flexible when it comes to budgeting out your Work Study job earnings. What's Next? If you're interested in the federal Work Study program, you should also learn more about other types of federal aid. After all, you'll only have to submit one application to be considered for all these different aid programs! Learn more about the Pell Grant, Direct Unsubsidized Loans, and Direct Subsidized Loans. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Author's tone and purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Author's tone and purpose - Essay Example Not even a short one. If that what you are looking for, you don’t want me†. The author other purpose was to show how the short story has been dominated far too long by the novel. The other author meticulously shows this by adeptly using metaphors. Millhauser describes this predominance by metaphorically writing, â€Å"The novel buys up the land, cuts down the trees, puts up the condos.† One of the tones the author of the article has used is tough tone. This tone is captured when Millhauser describes the novel as â€Å"exhaustive by nature, it can hardly contain itself.† Furthermore, Millhauser still captures a tough tone, no doubt, when he writes strongly about the novel â€Å"after all, what difference does it make? It’s nothing but talk.† The other tone the author capture in his work is optimisms. Millhauser demonstrates his sense of optimism by writing optimistically about the short story. Millhauser describes the short story as â€Å"modest in its pretensions, shyly proud of its petite